Protein IL21 map

Identifiers
HUGO:IL21

Maps_Modules
HMC:AVOIDING_IMMUNE_DESTRUCTION
 Innate Immunity  map  / IMMUNOSTIMULATORY_CYTOKINE_PATHWAYS  map

References
 NATURAL_KILLER  map
CASCADE:IL21
PMID:24751819
Interleukin-21 (IL-21) is produced by CD4+ T cell populations, with the highest production by T follicular helper (TFH) cells and TH17 cells, and slightly lower levels produced by natural killer T (NKT) cells.
IL-21 signals via heterodimers of the IL-21 receptor (IL-21R) and the common cytokine receptor ??-chain, (encoded by IL2RG)
Interleukin-21 (IL-21) binding stabilizes the complex between the IL-21 receptor (IL-21R) and the common cytokine-?? chain, ??c, leading to the activation of Janus kinase 1 (JAK1) and JAK3, which allows the recruitment and phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) proteins (predominantly STAT3, but also STAT1 and STAT5).
IL-21 binding to IL-21R can also activate the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signalling pathways.
PMID:12244150
IL-21 up-regulates the expression of genes associated with innate immunity and Th1 response.
PMID:16081783
IL-21 enhances tumor rejection through a NKG2D-dependent mechanism.
PMID:16785506
Interleukin-21 enhances NK cell activation in response to antibody-coated targets (CD16 dependent).

IL21@default

References
in_re1234( Innate Immunity  map ):
CASCADE:IL15
CASCADE:IL21
CASCADE:IL12
 NATURAL_KILLER  map

Modifications:
In compartment: default
  1. IL21@default map
Participates in complexes:
In compartment: INNATE_IMMUNE_CELL_Membrane
  1. IL21:​IL21R:​IL2RG:​JAK1|​pho:​JAK3@INNATE_IMMUNE_CELL_Membrane map
Participates in reactions:
As Reactant or Product:
  1. IL21@default map + IL21R:​IL2RG@INNATE_IMMUNE_CELL_Membrane map + JAK1@INNATE_IMMUNE_CELL_Cytosol map + JAK3@INNATE_IMMUNE_CELL_Cytosol map → map IL21:​IL21R:​IL2RG:​JAK1|​pho:​JAK3@INNATE_IMMUNE_CELL_Membrane map
As Catalyser:
  1. gTBX21@INNATE_IMMUNE_CELL_Cytosol map → map rTBX21@INNATE_IMMUNE_CELL_Cytosol map
  2. gIL18R1@INNATE_IMMUNE_CELL_Cytosol map → map rIL18R1@INNATE_IMMUNE_CELL_Cytosol map
  3. gIL18RAP@INNATE_IMMUNE_CELL_Cytosol map → map rIL18RAP@INNATE_IMMUNE_CELL_Cytosol map
  4. gIL12RB2@INNATE_IMMUNE_CELL_Cytosol map → map rIL12RB2@INNATE_IMMUNE_CELL_Cytosol map
  5. PI3KR(p85)*@INNATE_IMMUNE_CELL_Cytosol map → map PI3KR(p85)*@INNATE_IMMUNE_CELL_Cytosol map
  6. STAT1@INNATE_IMMUNE_CELL_Cytosol map → map STAT1|​pho|​active@INNATE_IMMUNE_CELL_Cytosol map
  7. STAT3@INNATE_IMMUNE_CELL_Cytosol map → map STAT3|​pho|​active@INNATE_IMMUNE_CELL_Cytosol map
  8. gIL2RA@INNATE_IMMUNE_CELL_Cytosol map → map rIL2RA@INNATE_IMMUNE_CELL_Cytosol map
  9. STAT5*@INNATE_IMMUNE_CELL_Cytosol map → map STAT5*|​pho@INNATE_IMMUNE_CELL_Cytosol map