Identifiers
prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2
HUGO:PTGS2 hgnc_id:HGNC:9605 HGNC:9605 ENTREZ:5743 UNIPROT:P35354
HUGO:PTGS2
Maps_Modules
HMC:TUMOR_PROMOTING_INFLAMMATION
HMC:ACTIVATING_INVASION_AND_METASTASIS
Cancer Associated Fibroblasts / CYTOKINES_CHEMOKINES_PRODUCTION
References
CASCADE:IL1
PMID:20138012
PTGS2, CXCL1, and CXCL2; the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1?? and IL-6, CYR61 and OPN are upregulated in CAFs
PMID:21847358
IL-1?? was established as the initiator of the enhanced production of inflammatory factors through the binding of IL-1?? to IL-1 receptor 1 (IL-1R1) expressed predominantly by CAFs.
IL1A upregulates expression of IL6, CCL20, CXCL8, COX2 in CAFs.
IL-1?? Expression Levels in prostate cancer Tissue Correlated to
PMID:25987127; PMID:23010081
Celecoxib (specific COX-2 inhibitor)increases EGF signaling in colon tumor associated fibroblasts, modulating EGFR expression and degradation
and increase colon TAFs proliferation in the presence of EGF.
Also it induces neo-expression and release of Amphiregulin (AREG), a well known EGFR agonist
MACROPHAGE
CASCADE:MIF
CASCADE:TLR2_4
PMID:23390297
MIF inhitits expression of M1 markers such as TNF, IL12p40, COX2, INOS, IRF-5, MHC-II, CD11c, CD80, CD86 and MIF induces expression of M2 markers as IL10, stabilin-1, MRC-1, CD206, CD23
PMID:18633355
TAM express many pro-angiogenic and angiogenesis-modulating factors in vitro, such as VEGF, basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF, also known as FGF2), tumour necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin 1 (IL1), chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 8 (CXCL8; also known as IL8), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2, also known as PTGS2), plasminogen activator, urokinase (uPA, also known as PLAU), platelet derived growth factor beta.