Identifiers
HUGO:HLA-DMA HUGO:HLA-DMB
References
DENDRITIC_CELL
PMID:10716924, PMID:10611337, PMID:22138314
Dendritic cells carry functional HLA-DM on the surface, which is down-regulated upon maturation.
CLIP which blocks peptide binding until HLA-DM binds to MHC II, releasing CLIP and allowing other (antigen) peptides to bind.
References
in_re25( Innate Immunity ):
PMID:22076556
The nascent MHC class II protein in the rough ER has its peptide-binding cleft blocked by the invariant chain (Ii; a trimer) to prevent it from binding cellular peptides or peptides from the endogenous pathway. The invariant chain also facilitates MHC class II's export from the ER in a vesicle. The signal for endosomal targeting resides in the cytoplasmic tail of the invariant chain. This fuses with a late endosome containing the endocytosed, degraded proteins. It is then cleaved by cathepsin S (cathepsin L in cortical thymic epithelial cells), leaving only a small fragment called CLIP which blocks peptide binding until HLA-DM binds to MHC II, releasing CLIP and allowing other peptides to bind. The stable MHC class-II is then presented on the cell surface.